On 14 October the US Air Force began Operation Nickel Grass, a major airlift to Israel. Ending on 14 November, the airlift transported 22,395 tons of supplies.

Following a cease-fire, the war officially ended on October 22, 1973 but fighting continued on the Egyptian-Israeli front and the U.S. and the Soviet Union were nearly dragged into a full-scale superpower confrontation.

On October 22, 1973, the UN Security Council passed Resolution 338, calling on all parties to begin "implementation of Security Council Resolution 242 in all its parts" through negotiations.

Kissinger succeeded in limited agreements on the withdrawal of Israeli and Arab forces from specific areas. Israel withdrew from all the area it had acquired from Syria during the 1973 war in addition to some area gained in 1967. The Egyptian-Israeli agreement called for Israeli withdrawal from parts of the Sinai. Prisoners of war were exchanged. The Arab world ended its oil embargo.

In the years following the 1973 war, Israel's enemies realized that they could not defeat Israel on the battlefield. They turned therefore to diplomatic warfare and sought to weaken Israel's international diplomatic position. Due to pressure from the Arab world, most African and third world countries broke diplomatic relations with Israel.

Camp David Accords signed by Egypt, Israel, and United States.

After twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David, the Israeli-Egyptian negotiations were concluded by the signing at the White House of two agreements. The first dealt with the future of the Sinai and peace between Israel and Egypt, to be concluded within three months. The second was a framework agreement establishing a format for the conduct of negotiations for the establishment of an autonomy regime in the West Bank and Gaza. The Israel-Egypt agreement clearly defined the future relations between the two countries, all aspects of withdrawal from the Sinai, military arrangements in the peninsula such as demilitarization and limitations, as well as the supervision mechanism. The framework agreement regarding the future of Judea, Samaria and Gaza was less clear and was later interpreted differently by Israel, Egypt, and the US. President Carter witnessed the Camp David Accords which were signed by Egyptian President Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Begin.

Border skirmishes and shooting of an Israeli police officer by Palestinians renew Palestinian uprising.  Islamic Waqf begins construction on Marawami Mosque below Al-aqsa Mosque, Solomon's Stables, and at the Eastern Gate, destroying remains from the First and Second Temple periods.  On September 28, Ariel Sharon visited the Temple Mount with a delegation from the Israeli Knesset and police escort to inspect the degree of destruction caused by the Waqf's construction activity at the site.  A small riot followed Sharon's departure.  On September 29 Palestinians throw stones down upon Jews praying at the Western Wall and another riot ensues.  The Palestinian Authority cites "Israeli provocation" at the Al-Aqsa Mosque the previous day and declares the beginning of the Al-Aqsa Intifada, which intends to liberate Jerusalem and the Muslim holy places.

July - Repeated terrorism and suicide bombings of Jewish civilians cause Israeli politicians to jointly declare an end of the Oslo Accords and being targeted assassinations of Palestinian leaders and the destruction of PLO bases of operation throughout the West Bank.

Israeli closure and seizure of Palestinian Authority administrative buildings, such as the Orient House in Jerusalem, initiate new policy of reentering Palestinian controlled areas in the West Bank.

August - Iraqi "Jerusalem Liberation Army" is formed, and 10,000 troops enter Jordan with infiltration into Palestinian areas of the West Bank.

Septermber 11 - Radical Islamic terrorists attack United States, destroying the twin towers of the World Trade Center, sections of the Pentagon, and crashing an airliner (meant for the White House) in Pennsylvania, killing all aboard.  Total loss of life reaches approximately 5,000.

September 12 - United States declares war on terrorism and the states that harbor terrorism, begins building coalition of Western allies (excluding Israel) and Islamic states.

October 1-6 - United State pressures Israel to renew peace negotiations with Palestinians; Ariel Sharon warns United States to not abandon Israel as the United Kingdom did Czechoslovakia in the 1930's; United States returns warning and announces its support for establishment of an independent Palestinian state.

October 7 - United States and united Kingdom forces launch first strike against terrorist targets in Kabul, Afghanistan, while crowds of Palestinians in Gaza and other Wet Bank towns publicly protest the United States and show support for terrorist Osama bin Laden.